PDF 2015 – ISBN-10: 1285452348 – Information Technology Project Management (8 edition) By Kathy Schwalbe # 4542
2015 | | 672 pages | PDF | 14 MB
Gain a strong understanding of IT project management as you learn to apply today’s most effective project management tools and techniques with the unique approach found in INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PROJECT MANAGEMENT, 8E. This book emphasizes the latest developments and skills to help you prepare for the Project Management Professional (PMP) or Certified Associate in Project Management (CAPM) exams. While this edition reflect content from the latest the PMBOK® Guide, it goes well beyond the Guide to provide a meaningful context for project management. Hundreds of timely examples highlight IT projects, while quick quizzes, discussion questions, exercises, and ongoing cases reinforce your learning. Time-saving template files assist in completing tasks. Examples from familiar companies featured in today’s news, an Agile case, MindView software, and a guide to using Microsoft Project 2013 help you master IT project management skills that are marketable around the globe.
Preface xix
Chapter 1
Introduction to Project Management 1
Chapter 2
The Project Management and Information Technology Context 43
Chapter 3
The Project Management Process Groups: A Case Study 79
Chapter 4
Project Integration Management 137
Chapter 5
Project Scope Management 183
Chapter 6
Project Time Management 221
Chapter 7
Project Cost Management 263
Chapter 8
Project Quality Management 299
Chapter 9
Project Human Resource Management 343
Chapter 10
Project Communications Management 389
Chapter11
Project Risk Management 425
BRIEF CONTENTS
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Chapter 12
Project Procurement Management 465
Chapter 13
Project Stakeholder Management 495
Appendix A
Guide to Using Microsoft Project 2010 A.1
Glossary G.1
Index I.1
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Ed
Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management 1
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 What Is a Project? 4
1.2a Examples of IT Projects 4
1.2b Project Attributes 6
1.2c Project Constraints 7
1.3 What Is Project Management? 9
1.3a Project Stakeholders 10
1.3b Project Management Knowledge Areas 11
1.3c Project Management Tools and Techniques 12
1.3d Project Success 15
1.4 Program and Project Portfolio Management 17
1.4a Programs 17
1.4b Project Portfolio Management 18
1.5 The Role of the Project Manager 22
1.5a Project Manager Job Description 22
1.5b Suggested Skills for Project Managers 23
1.5c Importance of People Skills and Leadership Skills 25
1.5d Careers for IT Project Managers 27
1.6 The Project Management Profession 28
1.6a History of Project Management 28
1.6b The Project Management Institute 32
1.6c Project Management Certification 33
1.6d Ethics in Project Management 34
1.6e Project Management Software 35
Chapter Summary 37
Quick Quiz 37
Quick Quiz Answers 39
Discussion Questions 39
Exercises 40
Key Terms 41
End Notes 41
Chapter 2 The Project Management and Information Technology Context 43
2.1 A Systems View of Project Management 45
2.1a What Is a Systems Approach? 45
2.1b The Three-Sphere Model for Systems Management 46
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
x Table of Contents
2.2 Understanding Organizations 47
2.2a The Four Frames of Organizations 47
2.2b Organizational Structures 49
2.2c Organizational Culture 51
2.3 Focusing on Stakeholder Needs 52
2.3a The Importance of Top Management Commitment 54
2.3b The Need for Organizational Commitment to Information Technology 55
2.3c The Need for Organizational Standards 56
2.4 Project Phases and the Project Life Cycle 57
2.4a Product Life Cycles 59
2.4b The Importance of Project Phases and Management Reviews 62
2.5 The Context of Information Technology Projects 64
2.5a The Nature of IT Projects 64
2.5b Characteristics of IT Project Team Members 64
2.5c Diverse Technologies 65
2.6 Recent Trends Affecting Information Technology Project Management 65
2.6a Globalization 65
2.6b Outsourcing 66
2.6c Virtual Teams 67
2.6d Agile Project Management 69
2.6e The Manifesto for Agile Software Development 69
2.6f Scrum 70
2.6g Agile, the PMBOK® Guide, and a New Certification 71
Chapter Summary 73
Quick Quiz 74
Quick Quiz Answers 75
Discussion Questions 75
Exercises 76
Key Terms 77
End Notes 77
Chapter 3 The Project Management Process Groups: A Case Study 79
3.1 Project Management Process Groups 80
3.2 Mapping the Process Groups to the Knowledge Areas 85
3.3 Developing an It Project Management Methodology 86
3.4 Case Study 1: JWD Consulting’s Project Management Intranet Site Project
(Predictive Approach) 89
3.4a Project Pre-Initiation and Initiation 89
3.4b Pre-Initiation Tasks 90
3.4c Initiating 93
3.4d Project Planning 98
3.4e Project Execution 107
3.4f Project Monitoring and Controlling 111
3.4g Project Closing 114
3.5 Case Study 2: JWD Consulting’s Project Management Intranet Site Project
(Agile Approach) 117
3.5a Scrum Roles, Artifacts, and Ceremonies 118
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Table of Contents xi
3.5b Project Pre-Initiation and Initiation 121
3.5c Planning 122
3.5d Executing 124
3.5e Monitoring and Controlling 124
3.5f Closing 126
3.6 Templates by Process Group 126
Chapter Summary 130
Quick Quiz 130
Quick Quiz Answers 132
Discussion Questions 132
Exercises 133
Key Terms 134
End Notes 134
Chapter 4 Project Integration Management 137
4.1 What is Project Integration Management? 138
4.2 Strategic Planning and Project Selection 141
4.2a Strategic Planning 141
4.2b Identifying Potential Projects 143
4.2c Aligning IT with Business Strategy 144
4.3 Methods for Selecting Projects 146
4.3a Focusing on Broad Organizational Needs 146
4.3b Categorizing IT Projects 146
4.3c Performing Financial Analyses 147
4.3d Using a Weighted Scoring Model 152
4.3e Implementing a Balanced Scorecard 154
4.4 Developing a Project Charter 155
4.5 Developing a Project Management Plan 158
4.5a Project Management Plan Contents 158
4.5b Using Guidelines to Create Project Management Plans 161
4.6 Directing and Managing Project Work 162
4.6a Coordinating Planning and Execution 163
4.6b Providing Strong Leadership and a Supportive Culture 163
4.6c Capitalizing on Product, Business, and Application Area Knowledge 164
4.6d Project Execution Tools and Techniques 165
4.7 Monitoring and Controlling Project Work 166
4.8 Performing Integrated Change Control 168
4.8a Change Control on IT Projects 169
4.8b Change Control System 169
4.9 Closing Projects or Phases 172
4.10 Using Software to Assist in Project Integration Management 172
Chapter Summary 175
Quick Quiz 175
Quick Quiz Answers 177
Discussion Questions 177
Exercises 177
Running Case 178
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
xii Table of Contents
Tasks 180
Key Terms 180
End Notes 181
Chapter 5 Project Scope Management 183
5.1 What Is Project Scope Management? 184
5.2 Planning Scope Management 186
5.3 Collecting Requirements 188
5.4 Defining Scope 191
5.5 Creating the Work Breakdown Structure 194
5.5a Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown Structures 199
5.5b The WBS Dictionary 203
5.5c Advice for Creating a WBS and WBS Dictionary 204
5.6 Validating Scope 205
5.7 Controlling Scope 207
5.7a Suggestions for Improving User Input 208
5.7b Suggestions for Reducing Incomplete and Changing Requirements 209
5.8 Using Software to Assist in Project Scope Management 210
Chapter Summary 212
Quick Quiz 212
Quick Quiz Answers 214
Discussion Questions 214
Exercises 214
Running Case 216
Tasks 217
End Notes 218
Chapter 6 Project Time Management 221
6.1 The Importance of Project Schedules 222
6.2 Planning Schedule Management 225
6.3 Defining Activities 225
6.4 Sequencing Activities 228
6.4a Dependencies 228
6.4b Network Diagrams 229
6.5 Estimating Activity Resources 232
6.6 Estimating Activity Durations 233
6.7 Developing the Schedule 234
6.7a Gantt Charts 234
6.7b Adding Milestones to Gantt Charts 236
6.7c Using Tracking Gantt Charts to Compare Planned and Actual Dates 237
6.7d Critical Path Method 238
6.7e Calculating the Critical Path 239
6.7f Growing Grass Can Be on the Critical Path 240
6.7g Using Critical Path Analysis to Make Schedule Trade-Offs 240
6.7h Using the Critical Path to Shorten a Project Schedule 242
6.7i Importance of Updating Critical Path Data 243
6.7j Critical Chain Scheduling 243
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Table of Contents xiii
6.7k Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) 247
6.7l Agile and Time Management 248
6.8 Controlling the Schedule 248
6.8a Reality Checks on Scheduling and the Need for Discipline 249
6.9 Using Software to Assist in Project Time Management 250
Words of Caution on Using Project Management Software 251
Chapter Summary 253
Quick Quiz 254
Quick Quiz Answers 256
Discussion Questions 256
Exercises 256
Running Case 259
Tasks 259
Key Terms 259
End Notes 260
Chapter 7 Project Cost Management 263
7.1 The Importance of Project Cost Management 264
7.1a What Is Cost? 265
7.1b What Is Project Cost Management? 266
7.2 Basic Principles of Cost Management 266
7.3 Planning Cost Management 270
7.4 Estimating Costs 271
7.4a Types of Cost Estimates 271
7.4b Cost Estimation Tools and Techniques 273
7.4c Typical Problems with IT Cost Estimates 274
7.4d How to Develop a Cost Estimate 275
7.5 Determining the Budget 281
7.6 Controlling Costs 282
7.6a Earned Value Management 282
7.6b Project Portfolio Management 288
7.7 Using Project Management Software to Assist in Project Cost Management 289
Chapter Summary 291
Quick Quiz 291
Quick Quiz Answers 293
Discussion Questions 293
Exercises 294
Running Case 295
Tasks 295
Key Terms 297
End Notes 297
Chapter 8 Project Quality Management 299
8.1 The Importance of Project Quality Management 300
8.2 What Is Project Quality Management? 302
8.3 Planning Quality Management 304
8.4 Performing Quality Assurance 306
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
xiv Table of Contents
8.5 Controlling Quality 307
8.6 Tools and Techniques for Quality Control 308
8.6a Statistical Sampling 314
8.6b Six Sigma 315
8.6c Testing 320
8.7 Modern Quality Management 322
8.7a Deming and His 14 Points for Management 322
8.7b Juran and the Importance of Top Management Commitment to Quality 323
8.7c Crosby and Striving for Zero Defects 323
8.7d Ishikawa’s Guide to Quality Control 324
8.7e Taguchi and Robust Design Methods 324
8.7f Feigenbaum and Workers’ Responsibility for Quality 325
8.7g Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award 325
8.7h ISO Standards 325
8.8 Improving It Project Quality 326
8.8a Leadership 326
8.8b The Cost of Quality 327
8.8c The Impact of Organizational Influences, and Workplace Factors on Quality 329
8.8d Expectations and Cultural Differences in Quality 329
8.8e Maturity Models 330
8.9 Using Software to Assist in Project Quality Management 333
Chapter Summary 334
Quick Quiz 334
Quick Quiz Answers 336
Discussion Questions 336
Exercises 337
Running Case 338
Tasks 338
Key Terms 338
End Notes 339
Chapter 9 Project Human Resource Management 343
9.1 The Importance of Human Resource Management 344
9.1a The Global IT Workforce 344
9.1b Implications for the Future of IT Human Resource Management 345
9.2 What is Project Human Resource Management? 347
9.3 Keys to Managing and Leading People 348
9.3a Motivation Theories 349
9.3b Influence and Power 353
9.3c Covey and Improving Effectiveness 355
9.3d Emotional Intelligence 357
9.3e Leadership 358
9.4 Developing the Human Resource Plan 359
9.4a Project Organizational Charts 360
9.4b Responsibility Assignment Matrices 362
9.4c Staffing Management Plans and Resource Histograms 363
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Table of Contents xv
9.5 Acquiring the Project Team 364
9.5a Resource Assignment 364
9.5b Resource Loading 366
9.5c Resource Leveling 367
9.6 Developing the Project Team 369
9.6a Training 370
9.6b Team-Building Activities 371
9.6c Reward and Recognition Systems 375
9.7 Managing the Project Team 375
9.7a Tools and Techniques for Managing Project Teams 376
9.7b General Advice on Managing Teams 378
9.8 Using Software to Assist in Human Resource Management 379
Chapter Summary 381
Quick Quiz 382
Quick Quiz Answers 384
Discussion Questions 384
Exercises 384
Running Case 385
Key Terms 386
End Notes 387
Chapter 10 Project Communications Management 389
10.1 The Importance of Project Communications Management 390
10.2 Keys to Good Communications 392
10.2a Focusing on Group and Individual Communication Needs 392
10.2b Formal and Informal Methods for Communicating 394
10.2c Distributing Important Information in an Effective and Timely Manner 395
10.2d Setting the Stage for Communicating Bad News 395
10.2e Determining the Number of Communication Channels 396
10.3 Planning Communications Management 398
10.4 Managing Communications 399
10.4a Using Technology to Enhance Information Creation and Distribution 400
10.4b Selecting the Appropriate Communication Methods and Media 401
10.4c Reporting Performance 403
10.5 Controlling Communications 404
10.6 Suggestions for Improving Project Communications 405
10.6a Developing Better Communication Skills 405
10.6b Running Effective Meetings 406
10.6c Using E-Mail, Instant Messaging, Texting, Kanban Boards, and
Collaborative Tools Effectively 408
10.6d Using Templates for Project Communications 411
10.7 Using Software to Assist in Project Communications 414
Chapter Summary 418
Quick Quiz 418
Quick Quiz Answers 420
Discussion Questions 420
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
xvi Table of Contents
Exercises 421
Running Case 422
Key Terms 422
End Notes 422
Chapter 11 Project Risk Management 425
11.1 The Importance of Project Risk Management 426
11.2 Planning Risk Management 433
11.3 Common Sources of Risk on IT Projects 434
11.4 Identifying Risks 438
11.4a Suggestions for Identifying Risks 439
11.4b The Risk Register 440
11.5 Performing Qualitative Risk Analysis 442
11.5a Using Probability/Impact Matrixes to Calculate Risk Factors 443
11.5b Top Ten Risk Item Tracking 444
11.6 Performing Quantitative Risk Analysis 447
11.6a Decision Trees and Expected Monetary Value 447
11.6b Simulation 449
11.6c Sensitivity Analysis 451
11.7 Planning Risk Responses 452
11.8 Controlling Risks 454
11.9 Using Software to Assist in Project Risk Management 455
Chapter Summary 457
Quick Quiz 458
Quick Quiz Answers 460
Discussion Questions 460
Exercises 460
Running Case 461
End Notes 463
Chapter 12 Project Procurement Management 465
12.1 The Importance of Project Procurement Management 466
12.2 Planning Procurement Management 471
12.2a Types of Contracts 471
12.2b Tools and Techniques for Planning Procurement Management 476
12.2c Procurement Management Plan 477
12.2d Statement of Work 478
12.2e Procurement Documents 478
12.2f Source Selection Criteria 481
12.3 Conducting Procurements 481
12.4 Controlling Procurements 483
12.5 Closing Procurements 484
12.6 Using Software to Assist in Project Procurement Management 485
Chapter Summary 488
Quick Quiz 489
Quick Quiz Answers 490
Discussion Questions 490
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Table of Contents xvii
Exercises 491
Running Case 492
Key Terms 492
End Notes 493
Chapter 13 Project Stakeholder Management 495
13.1 The Importance of Project Stakeholder Management 496
13.2 Identifying Stakeholders 498
13.3 Planning Stakeholder Management 502
13.4 Managing Stakeholder Engagement 503
13.5 Controlling Stakeholder Engagement 506
13.6 Using Software to Assist in Project Stakeholder Management 508
Chapter Summary 511
Quick Quiz 511
Quick Quiz Answers 513
Discussion Questions 513
Exercises 513
Running Case 514
Key Terms 514
End Notes 514
Appendix A Guide to Using Microsoft Project 2013 A.1
Introduction A.2
Project Management Software Reviews A.3
Basic Features of Project Management Software A.6
What’s New in Project 2013 A.7
Using Project 2013 A.7
Before You Begin A.7
Using the 60-Day Trial of Project 2013 A.8
Overview of Project 2013 A.9
Exploring Project 2013 Using an Existing File A.15
Project 2013 Views A.17
Project 2013 Reports A.19
Project 2013 Filters A.21
Creating a New File and Entering Tasks in a Work Breakdown Structure A.23
Creating a New Project File A.23
Creating a Work Breakdown Structure Hierarchy A.25
Creating Summary Tasks A.26
Numbering Tasks A.27
Saving Project Files Without a Baseline A.28
Developing the Schedule A.29
Calendars A.29
Task Durations A.31
Entering Task Durations A.34
Establishing Task Dependencies A.38
Gantt Charts, Network Diagrams, and Critical Path Analysis A.43
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
xviii Table of Contents
Project Cost and Resource Management A.46
Entering Fixed and Variable Cost Estimates A.46
Entering Baseline Plans, Actual Costs, and Actual Times A.52
Viewing Earned Value Management Data A.56
Integrating Project 2013 with Other Applications and Apps for Office A.57
Copying Information Between Applications A.57
Creating Hyperlinks to Other Files A.59
Using Project 2013 Apps A.60
Glossary G.1
Index I.1